In the production process, use and maintenance of electronic products smt chip processing and other environments, a large number of polymer materials that are easy to generate static electricity, which undoubtedly brings more problems and challenges to the electrostatic protection of electronic products, in the smt chip processing, the damage caused by electrostatic discharge to electronic products is divided into two types: sudden loss and potential loss.
With the continuous development of science and technology, the electrostatic phenomenon of smt patch processing has been widely used in the fields of electrostatic spraying, electrostatic textile, electrostatic sorting, electrostatic imaging and so on. But on the other hand, the generation of static electricity in many areas will bring significant harm and loss. In the Apollo manned spacecraft, for example, an electrostatic discharge caused an explosion that killed three astronauts. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) in the process of gunpowder manufacturing, resulting in explosion casualties often occur. In the electronics industry, with the increasing degree of integration, the internal insulation layer of integrated circuits is becoming thinner and thinner, and the width and spacing of interconnect wires are becoming smaller and smaller, such as the typical thickness of the insulating layer of CMOS devices is about 0.1μm, and the corresponding breakdown resistance voltage is 80-100V. VMOS devices have thinner insulation layers and breakdown voltages of 30V. The electrostatic voltage generated in the process of electronic product manufacturing and transportation, storage, etc., far exceeds the breakdown voltage of MOS devices, which often causes hard breakdown or soft breakdown (local damage to the device), making it fail or seriously affect the reliability of the product.
In order to control and eliminate ESD, developed countries such as the United States, Western Europe and Japan have developed national, military and corporate standards or regulations. There are corresponding regulations on the design, manufacture, purchase, warehousing, inspection, storage, assembly, debugging, packaging and transportation of semi-finished and finished products of electrostatic sensitive components, and there are strict rules and regulations on the manufacturing, use and management of electrostatic protective equipment. China has also developed military and enterprise standards with reference to international standards. For example, there are space department, mechanical and electrical Department, petroleum Department and other standards.